Philip Johnson

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Philip Cortelyou Johnson atau lebih dikenal dengan nama Philip Johnson adalah salah satu arsitek dari Amerika yang sangat berpengaruh dalam dunia Arsitektur. Dengan kacamatanya yang tebal, berbingkai bundar, Philip Johnson adalah tokoh yang paling dikenal di dunia arsitektur Amerika selama beberapa dekade.


Philip Johnson (8 Juli 1906 - 25 Januari 2005) lahir di Cleveland, Ohio. Pada awalnya, Philip Johnson bukanlah seorang arsitek, dia bekerja sebagai kritikus, penulis, sejarawan dan seorang direktur museum. Dia meraih gelar A.B. dalam sejarah arsitektur dari Universitas Harvard yang tertarik pada Sejarah dan Filsafat, terutama pada karya Pra-Sokrates.


        Pada tahun 1928, Philip Johnson bertemu dengan

arsitek Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, yang pada saat itu sedang merancang German Pavilion untuk Barcelona Internasional Exposition 1929. Pertemuan dengan Ludwig Mies van der Rohe inilah yang akhirnya membuat jalan Philip Johnson dalam dunia arsitektur. Pada awalnya bahkan Philip Johnson pernah menugaskan Ludwig Mies van der Rohe untuk mendesain apartemennya di New York. Kemudian dia berkolaborasi dengan Mies mendesain bangunan tinggi terbaik yakni Gedung Seagram, New York.


Beberapa karya :


- Johnson House at Cambridge, "The Arch Street House", Cambridge, Massachusetts (1942–1943)
- Booth (Damora) House, "The Booth House", Bedford Village, New York (1946)
- Johnson House, "The Glass House", New Canaan, Connecticut (1949)
- John de Menil House, Houston, Texas (1950)


- Rockefeller Guest House for Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, New York City, New York (1950)
- Seagram Building, New York City, New York (in collaboration with Mies van der Rohe; 1956)
- The Four Seasons Restaurant, New York City, New York (1959)
- Expansion of St. Anselm's Abbey, Washington, D.C. (1960)

- Museum of Art at Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, Utica, New York (1960)
- Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden at The Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York
- Sheldon Museum of Art, Lincoln, Nebraska (1963)
- New York State Theater (renamed David H. Koch Theater) at Lincoln Center, New York City, New York (with Richard Foster; 1964)


- Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas (1961; also expansion in 2001)
- New York State Pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair, New York City, New York (1964)
- Kreeger Museum, Washington, D.C. (with Richard Foster; 1967)
- Main campus mall at the University of Saint Thomas, Houston, Texas

- Elmer Holmes Bobst Library at New York University, New York City, New York (1967–1973)
- John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial, Dallas, Texas (1970)[6]
- IDS Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota (1972)
- Art Museum of South Texas, Corpus Christi, Texas (1972)


- Johnson Building at the Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts (1973)
- Fort Worth Water Gardens, Fort Worth, Texas (1974)
- Pennzoil Place, Houston, Texas (1975)
- Dorothy and Dexter Baker Center for the Arts at Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania (1976)

- Thanks-Giving Square, Dallas, Texas (1976)
- 101 California Street, San Francisco, California (Johnson/Burgee Architects; 1979–1982)
- Neuberger Museum of Art at the State University of New York at Purchase, Purchase, New York
- Crystal Cathedral, Garden Grove, California (1980)


- Tata Theatre, National Centre for the Performing Arts, Mumbai, India (1980) 
- Metro-Dade Cultural Center, Miami, Florida (1982)
- Chapel of St. Basil and the Academic Mall at the University of St. Thomas, Houston, Texas
- Republic Bank Center (renamed Bank of America Center), Houston, Texas (1983)

- Transco Tower (renamed Williams Tower), Houston, Texas (1983)
- Cleveland Play House, Cleveland, Ohio (extension; 1983)
- Wells Fargo Center, Denver, Colorado (1983)
- PPG Place, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (1984)


- The Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (1985)
- Lipstick Building, New York City, New York (1986)
- Comerica Bank Tower, Dallas, Texas (1987)
- 190 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois (John Burgee Architects, Philip Johnson Consultant; 1987)

- Gate of Europe, Madrid, Spain (John Burgee Architects, Philip Johnson Consultant; 1989–1996)
- 191 Peachtree Tower, Atlanta, Georgia (John Burgee Architects, Philip Johnson Consultant; 1990)
- The Museum of Television & Radio (renamed Paley Center for Media), New York City, New York (1991)
- Chapel of St. Basil at the University of St. Thomas, Houston, Texas (with John Manley, Architect; 1992)


- Science and Engineering Library at Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (1992)
- AEGON Center, Louisville, Kentucky (John Burgee Architects, Philip Johnson Consultant; 1993)
- One Detroit Center, Detroit, Michigan (John Burgee Architects, Philip Johnson Consultant; 1993)
- Visitor's Pavilion, New Canaan, Connecticut (1994)

- Turning Point at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (1996)
- Philip-Johnson-Haus, Berlin, Germany (1997)
- First Union Plaza, Boca Raton, Florida (2000)
- Interfaith Peace Chapel on the Cathedral of Hope campus, Dallas, Texas (2010)

  

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